Venus
Earth's hellish twin
Wrapped in clouds of sulfuric acid and crushed under 92 atmospheres of CO₂, Venus is the hottest world in the solar system — hotter than Mercury despite being farther from the Sun.
Image: NASA / Mariner 10
Vital statistics
Moons
0
Gravity vs Earth
0.9 g
Day length
243 Earth days
Year length
225 Earth days
Surface Temp
465 °C
Diameter
12,104 km
Did you know
A day on Venus is longer than its year.
Fact 01
It rotates backwards compared to most planets.
Fact 02
Atmospheric pressure equals being 900 m underwater on Earth.
Fact 03
Research & publications
Jump straight into peer-reviewed papers, preprints and authoritative references for Venus.
arXiv (preprints)
Open-access preprints in physics & astrophysics.
NASA ADS
The definitive bibliographic database for astronomy.
Google Scholar
Cross-publisher academic search.
Nature
Peer-reviewed articles in Nature & sister journals.
Wikipedia
Encyclopedic overview & onward references.
Tip: ask the Research AI for a curated reading list → /research
